In common usage, any bizarre apparition can be referred to as a bakemono or an obake whether or not it is believed to have some other form, making the terms roughly synonymous with yōkai. Obake derived from household objects are often called tsukumogami.Ī bakemono usually either disguises itself as a human or appears in a strange or terrifying form such as a hitotsume-kozō, an ōnyūdō, or a noppera-bō. Ī bakemono's true form may be an animal such as a fox ( kitsune), a raccoon dog ( bake-danuki), a badger ( mujina), a transforming cat ( bakeneko), the spirit of a plant-such as a kodama, or an inanimate object which may possess a soul in Shinto and other animistic traditions. However, as a secondary usage, the term obake can be a synonym for yūrei, the ghost of a deceased human being.
These words are often translated as " ghost", but primarily they refer to living things or supernatural beings who have taken on a temporary transformation, and these bakemono are distinct from the spirits of the dead. Literally, the terms mean a thing that changes, referring to a state of transformation or shapeshifting. Obake ( お化け) and bakemono ( 化け物) are a class of yōkai, preternatural creatures in Japanese folklore.
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